Functionalized micro-agents transporting tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or chemotherapeutic molecules directly to ischemic stroke clots.
Microrobots manufactured from gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) or magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) encapsulate therapeutic payloads. Near-infrared (NIR) laser heating or high-frequency ultrasound triggers on-demand drug elution at the target site.
In addition to chemical release, rotating micro-swimmers physically drill into fibrin clot matrices, increasing the effective surface area for enzymatic breakdown by 400% and accelerating vessel recanalization.